All plants, even air plants, need water to survive. But as a gardener, it can be difficult to tell if yours are getting enough hydration.
Further complicating matters is the fact that all plants have different watering needs. There are the simple plants, like cacti, that don’t require much hydration. Watering them once or twice a month will suffice. Then, there are flowers like impatiens and begonias that need consistent watering.
So how much is too much (or too little), and how do you know if you’re under or over-watering your plants?
Research the Plants
Since the care of each plant is unique, it’s important to research beforehand. Each one, whether you buy as a seed or new growth, should come with instructions, including how often and how much to water it.
You’ll also need to be aware of seasonal and dormant watering schedules. While the plant is actively growing—typically in spring and summer months—it’ll need more water. When it goes dormant, it will need less. Speaking of…
Less is More
You can always add more water, but you can’t remove it from the soil. Starting off slow is key. Pay special attention to the soil. Don’t just go by what you feel on the surface.
Put your finger in the dirt, about an inch deep, to test its moisture level. If it’s not dry, hold off on the watering. The plant more than likely has enough.
What Type of Water is Best?
Tap, distilled, spring, or rainwater: Which one is best for your plants? You can use regular tap water for indoor plants, but avoid distilled since it contains no nutrients.
If you are watering houseplants, definitely opt for room-temperature water over hot or cold, both of which can damage a plant. Outdoors, you’re likely using cold water from the hose, which is fine, but try to spray indirectly rather than right on the plants.
How to Adequately Water Plants
Even if you can’t tell directly how much water is going into your plants, if you take the steps to water them properly, you likely won’t have much to worry about.
One of the main things is to water the soil evenly, making sure you cover the surface area because the roots pull from all over. Water slowly, not quickly, to prevent overhydrating, and make sure you avoid pouring water directly over the leaves. You can, however, mist the foliage.
Key Signals to Look For
How do you recognize if your plant is over- or underwatered? There will be signs. Plants that have had too much water will see no new growth, and can also have drooping and/or yellowing leaves. Another clear sign is the presence of pests and/or mold, which thrives in wetter conditions.
If it’s been underwatered, shriveled foliage is your first clue. Many times the leaves start to curl and become crispy to the touch as they dry out. Slow growth is another clue, as is bone-dry soil.
